This is most explicit in the works, which use the paper-as-form, where the image is not on the paper but of paper; a manipulation and variation of tactile surface, commonly with bas-relief techniques. The struggle is in the papers’ existence on the surface and in its hidden presence -- a form through paper through collage, but not overt collage; the collage serves only a quietly tactile function. The shapes are composed to represent the fusion of rigid structures and organic forms.  Neither shape is completely either, but an exchange about the between of  “is” and “not”, the “in-between” of things. It is an expression of that struggle of the greys -- of being neither black nor white, but in existing in between, where subtlety and the dialectic exist.